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Independent technical reference

Bicycle bearing locations: hubs, headset, bottom bracket, pedals & pivots

Start with the component, not a guess at the bearing number. Use the interactive bicycle map to distinguish six bearing locations, record the information needed for identification, and open the relevant size finder or maintenance reference.

On this page4 sections
Locate → identify → look up

Which part of the bike?

Pick a numbered position or use the list. This is a location guide, not an exploded service drawing.

Six bicycle bearing locationsWheel hubs at wheel centres, freehub at the rear wheel, headset at the steering tube, bottom bracket at the crank spindle, pedal bearings on a crank arm, and suspension pivots on the rear linkage. A schematic full-suspension frame is shown. 01 02 03 04 05 06

Original BearingScope schematic · positions and proportions are illustrative. Both wheels have hub bearings; a freehub is shown at the rear.

Identify the assembly

Showing all 6 locations.

01

Wheel hubs

Wheel / rim / axle bearings

At the centre of each wheel, around the axle — not inside the rim.

A bicycle wheel hub may use adjustable cup-and-cone bearings or replaceable cartridges. Identify the hub design before choosing loose balls, a cartridge or a complete assembly. Front and rear parts are not automatically the same.

How to recognise it

Cup-and-cone: balls run between cups in the hub and cones on the axle. Cartridge: a separate ring-shaped bearing fits in the hub shell.

Do not assume: Wheel diameter and rim size do not identify the hub bearing. Do not copy a common loose-ball count to an unidentified hub.

Record before looking up a part

0 of 4 identification details recorded

Basis: Park Tool — Hub Overhaul and Adjustment: Cup and Cone Style. Source scope

02

Freehub body

Cassette-body bearings

On the rear hub, underneath the cassette.

The cassette-carrying body and its engagement mechanism are distinct from the main wheel-hub bearings. Freehub designs differ: some use loose balls, others cartridges, with different pawl or ratchet arrangements.

How to recognise it

Identify the complete hub and freehub version. A cassette spline pattern alone does not specify the bearings, spacers or engagement mechanism inside.

Do not assume: Lubrication and dismantling instructions are design-specific. Main hub grease is not a universal freehub lubricant. A new wheel bearing will not necessarily fix slipping engagement.

Record before looking up a part

0 of 4 identification details recorded

Basis: Park Tool — Freehub Service. Source scope

03

Headset

Steering / head / fork-steerer bearings

At the upper and lower ends of the head tube, around the fork steerer.

These bearings let the fork turn relative to the frame. Identify the upper and lower assemblies separately. Headset interface codes describe the frame/fork arrangement; they are not simply cartridge part numbers.

How to recognise it

EC uses an external cup; ZS seats a cup within the head tube; IS seats the bearing in the frame. A replacement cartridge also needs its dimensions and seating angles checked.

Do not assume: “1⅛ inch headset” alone is not enough to select a cartridge. Equal outside diameters do not prove that seating angles or assembled heights match.

Record before looking up a part

0 of 4 identification details recorded

Basis: Cane Creek — Headset Identification Guide. Source scope

04

Bottom bracket

Crank / crankset / crank-axle bearings

Where the crank spindle passes through the lower part of the frame.

The bottom bracket supports the crank spindle. Its frame interface, spindle interface and bearing size are different specifications. Systems include adjustable cup-and-cone, integrated-spindle cartridges, external-bearing cups and press-fit arrangements.

How to recognise it

Record the exact system, not just visible tool notches. Thread-together cups can fit a smooth frame shell; visible threads or wrench fittings do not by themselves establish the frame standard.

Do not assume: A 30 mm crank spindle does not determine every other dimension. Do not replace a complete integrated-spindle unit by assuming that its internal bearings are separately serviceable.

Record before looking up a part

0 of 4 identification details recorded

Basis: Park Tool — Bottom Bracket Identification. Source scope

05

Pedals

Pedal spindle / pedal body bearings

Inside each pedal body, around its own spindle — separate from the bottom bracket.

Identify the pedal model and generation before choosing service parts. A pedal can combine more than one bearing technology: Crankbrothers' listed refresh kit, for example, includes Igus ll-glide bearings, Enduro MAX cartridges and sleeve bushings.

How to recognise it

A bushing or plain bearing is not a missing cartridge. Inner and outer positions may require different components; a kit for a similarly named pedal is not automatic evidence of compatibility.

Do not assume: The cited kit is one design example, not a specification for all pedals. No universal pedal-bearing number, grease quantity or tightening torque is provided here.

Record before looking up a part

0 of 4 identification details recorded

Basis: Crankbrothers — Pedal Refresh Kit specifications. Source scope

06

Suspension pivots

Frame linkage / pivot bearings

At linkage joints on a full-suspension frame. The illustration marks a representative joint, not a frame-specific layout.

Pivot bearings work through short arcs under load rather than spinning like wheel bearings. Enduro distinguishes pivot-focused bearing, seal and grease choices from continuously rotating hub and bottom-bracket applications.

How to recognise it

Identify each frame joint separately. A bearing marked for a pivot application is not a universal upgrade for a wheel hub just because its dimensions match.

Do not assume: A rigid or hardtail frame may not have rear-suspension pivots. The diagram is not an instruction to dismantle a loaded linkage or shock mount.

Record before looking up a part

0 of 4 identification details recorded

Basis: Enduro — Bearing Basics. Source scope

Do not confuse location with construction

Same bike. Different bearing systems.

Loose balls + races

A cup-and-cone assembly needs the specified balls, races and adjustment. It is not selected using a cartridge model number.

Cup-and-cone reference →

Complete cartridge

Record the full marking and dimensions. At a headset, also check seating angles; for bicycle-specific variants, record ring extensions and seals.

Cartridge size reference →

Complete assembly

A bottom bracket or freehub can be serviced as an assembly. Confirm whether internal bearings are separately replaceable before planning a press operation.

Assembly interfaces →

This identifies a route to the answer — not a guaranteed replacement

Ticking the checklist only records your progress on this page. It does not verify measurements or approve a part, and nothing is sent or saved. Details reset when the page reloads.

Roughness, play or noise alone does not prove which bearing is faulty. Stop riding if a wheel, steering assembly, crank or pedal is loose or insecure; have the assembly inspected. Follow the exact equipment service instructions for removal, installation, adjustment and tightening.

Sources, interpretation and limits

Reviewed public technical references, collected 2026-10-04. The diagram, part-recording checklist and navigation are independently organised for BearingScope. They are not copied service procedures.

  • Park Tool — Hub Overhaul and Adjustment: Cup and Cone Style
  • Park Tool — Freehub Service
  • Cane Creek — Headset Identification Guide
  • Park Tool — Bottom Bracket Identification
  • Crankbrothers — Pedal Refresh Kit specifications
  • Enduro — Bearing Basics
  • Enduro — Cycling Bearing Applications

Manufacturer-specific examples remain scoped to that manufacturer. No universal bicycle fitment, torque, ball count or service interval is inferred. This page covers six common bearing locations; it is not an exhaustive parts catalogue for every bicycle.

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